Saul Lilienthal was the Oberkantor (chief hazzan) of the large Michelsberg Synagogue in Wiesbaden. During the Kristallnacht in November 1938, the synagogue was set ablaze. Shortly thereafter he and his wife came to Amsterdam, where their eldest son Lebrecht already lived. Two other children from this family also fled Germany and survived the war.
Saul Lilienthal was sent to Auschwitz through Westerbork and Theresienstadt. His wife died along the road, at a yet unknown places.
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Saul Lilienthal ran a boarding house in Amsterdam, at Jekerstraat 21-III