Louise Hirschel-Duitz

Levie Hirschel was a son of Saul Hirschel and Schoontje Mesrits. He was born in Amsterdam on 24 August 1895. Levie was a religious teacher, curator of the Rosenthaliana library and assistent rabbi with the Dutch Israëlitic Main Synagogue (N.I.H.S.).

On 15 April 1931, 35-year old Levie Hirschel married in Amsterdam to 26-year old Louis Duitz. She was born on 30 May 1904 in Den Haag as a daughter of…

A former inhabitant of the Johann Keplerstraat 3 II remembers that when his family moved in there in 1944 it was apparent that the previous inhabitants had left in great haste. They found a tabernacle in the attic.
Addition of a visitor of the website

The Ausnahme-Bescheinigung, the ultimate exemption from deportation.

In the summer of 1943, a very large proportion of Dutch Jews had already been deported. This meant that the right to exist of the Jewish Council had been affected in a proportionate way and that many Jewish Council functions and the associated “Sperres” - exemptions from deportation - were abolished. The last group of Jewish Coun…

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Deportation periods in 1943

Apart from the "Sobibor period" (2 March to 20 July 1943), two deportation periods can be distinguished in 1943, namely: the period from 11 January to 2 February 1943, during which 9 transports left directly for Auschwitz, namely 8 from Westerbork and 1 from Apeldoorn (for brevity to be called "Spring Transports 1943"), and the period from 24 August to 16 November 1943,…