Markus was a German refugee. He arrived in the Netherlands in December 1938. First he stayed at the Rivierenhuis in de Steeg, and then in the refugee children facility in Gouda In July 1939 he moved in with the Plukker family in Amsterdam.
At a certain moment his brother was also in the Netherlands.
His parents were Mirjam Thurm or Turen, born in 1901 in Poland, and Alexander, born in 1896 in Po…